Solving error 1962 with Debian and UEFI on IdeaCentre K430

When setting up Debian Linux (Bullseye) on my Lenovo IdeaCentre K430 computer, I encountered problems related to UEFI. After the installation, the system did not boot and displayed the message Error 1962: No operating system found. It took three attempts before I found the solution, which I describe here. First, ensure that UEFI is enabled …